Golden Visa & Citizenship by Investment (GVCI) Index 2026

Where in the world can money still buy residency or a passport, and what does it cost? This index tracks every active golden-visa and citizenship-by-investment program as of July 2026, sourced from official government publications and EU, OECD and court records. Free to read, free to query via API, free to cite.

Hover a country for its cheapest route; click to open the dataset. Scroll to zoom, drag to pan. Some programs are territories or newly launched and may not appear on the base map.

The moves that reshaped the map (2022–2026)

1. Feb 2022The United Kingdom closes its Tier 1 (Investor) visa over security concerns.
2. May 2022Turkey raises its citizenship-by-investment real-estate threshold from $250k to $400k.
3. Feb 2023Ireland closes its Immigrant Investor Programme.
4. Oct 2023Portugal removes the real-estate route from its Golden Visa, keeping funds, business and donation.
5. 2024Australia closes its Significant Investor Visa; Hungary relaunches a Guest Investor Program; Nauru launches a climate-resilience citizenship program.
6. Jul 2024Jordan overhauls its investor-citizenship program, eliminating the passive treasury-deposit and bond routes.
7. Dec 2024Hungary strikes its €500k real-estate route before it takes effect, leaving fund and donation options only.
8. Feb 2025The EU permanently revokes visa-free Schengen access for Vanuatu passport holders over its citizenship program.
9. 3 Apr 2025Spain terminates its Golden Visa (Organic Law 1/2025).
10. 29 Apr 2025The EU Court of Justice rules Malta’s citizenship-by-investment scheme unlawful; Malta repeals it.
11. Aug 2025São Tomé and Príncipe launches a citizenship-by-investment program; first passports reported January 2026.
12. Dec 2025Cambodia raises its citizenship thresholds sharply (to about $1M investment or $3M donation).
13. Jun 2026The European Commission asks Caribbean CBI states to phase out their programs by 2028.

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Methodology & sources

A program counts as active if it currently accepts applications; contested and newly launched programs are included and flagged, terminated ones excluded from the live counts. Amounts are the cheapest qualifying route, converted to USD from the binding local-currency figure. Every figure is drawn from authoritative sources: official government immigration and investment authorities and citizenship-by-investment units, the Court of Justice of the EU and the European Commission (for program status), and the OECD and IMF. Country tax and lifestyle context comes from PwC, the OECD, the World Bank, Numbeo and Speedtest. See the full source list on the Golden Visa API page.

Programs and eligibility change often and many exclude specific nationalities. This is a current starting point for comparison, not legal advice. Explore the underlying data: citizenship, golden visas, or the free API.